Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun - 1850 Words

In Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† (1959), she reveals the life of the Youngers family. In doing so, there surfaces a detrimental ideology that destroys the family financially and in their overall happiness. In Act II Scene I, Walter, the father figure of the family, says, â€Å"Why? You want to know why? Cause we all tied up in a race of people that don t know how to do nothing but moan, pray and have babies!† (Hansberry 532). By way of explanation, the family and much of the African-American community for the 1960’s, is built upon a loose ideology that is a brutal cycle that infects the lives of those who inhabit the area; tired of all the commotion from the Caucasians who, to them, miraculously achieve a life of ruling and†¦show more content†¦In Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† (1959), she touches on not only the Youngers family, but also the degradation of society within the walls of the 1960†™s, as there was apparent societal exclusion by members of the opposite race. This opposition is broadcasted in the play when a character named â€Å"Lindner† Linder is part of a council in which they filter through multiple potential buyers in the neighborhood in the hopes of accomplishing an Caucasian only community. He enters in the middle of the play who is initially unrecognized, but offers a large sum of money for the soon to be, property the Youngers will reside within with the advice that, â€Å"†¦people can get awful worked up when they feel that their whole way of life and everything they’ve ever worked for is threatened† (Hansberry 554). The problem that the Caucasian community is facing is that they live without establishing a positive relationship with people who don’t look like themselves; in this situation, it is race. Linder then proceeds to offer the family a large sum of money over the what they paid for the current land and house for the preservation of their precious ideology that whites are only permitted around that location (Hansberry 554). In recognition of this racistShow MoreRelatedLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun1260 Words   |  6 Pagesoblivious to this fact, and to those who are aware and accept this knowledge. The people who are oblivious represent those who are ignorant of the fact that their dream will be deferred. This denial is the core of the concept used in A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry. The perception of the American Dream is one that is highly subjective, but every individual dream ends in its own deferment. During the 1960s, the African-American people were in racial situations due to their â€Å"lowered status†Read MorePride in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun611 Words   |  2 Pages Pride Numerous meanings thrive throughout Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun. One of the most prominent essential values shared is pride. The Younger family having little financial worth to their name holds pride as a means of dignity. Pride is depicted in almost every aspect of the novel, particularly represented through intricate self-respected morals, dreams, and struggle. Every character relays pride in their unique way. Mama and Walter are the most diverse to analyze in terms of layeredRead MoreAnalysis Of Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun1092 Words   |  5 PagesLorraine Hansberry was an African-American female playwright born in Chicago in 1930. Hansberry’s play, A Raisin in the Sun, has won awards such as the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award for Best Play and is loosely based on events involving her own family. This play portrays a poor African-American family of five known as the Younger Family, living on the South side of Chicago in a run-down one-bedroom apartment, Its furnishings are typical and undistinguished and their primary feature now isRead More Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay552 Words   |  3 Pages But not everyone will achieve their dreams and some, because of sad circumstances lose their grip on their dream and fall into a state of disappointment. Langston Hughes poem relates to the dreams of Mama, Ruth, and Walter in Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ruth has to listen to Walter’s extravagant dreams of being rich and powerful all the time and know that these dreams will never happen. They are very poor and Travis must sleep on the couch becauseRead MoreLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun735 Words   |  3 PagesThe play â€Å" A Raisin in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry shows three generation of women under the same roof and the struggle each women face, the dreams that they had and how they overcome the obstacle in their life to move on to something better. The women in the family has had to sacrifice a lot to make the family either happy or progress further in life. Lena Younger became the head of the household upon the death of her husband. She moved from the south to the north to better herself and her lifeRead MoreEssay on Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun1190 Words   |  5 Pages Lorraine Hansberry’s novel, A Raisin in the Sun, revolves around a middle-class African-American family, struggling during World War II. By reading about the Younger’s true to life experiences, one learns many important life lessons. One of the aforementioned would be that a person should always put family’s needs before their own. There are many examples of this throughout the novel. Just a few of these would be the example of Ruth and her unborn baby, Walter regaining the respect of his familyRead More Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay3889 Words   |  16 PagesLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun A dream deferred is a dream put off to another time, much like this essay. But unlike dreams sometimes, this essay will get fulfilled and done with. Each character from A Raisin in the Sun had a deferred dream, even little Travis although his dream was not directly stated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Their dreams become dried up like a raisin in the sun. Not just dreams are dried up though; Walter Lee and Ruth’s marriage became dried up also. Their marriage was no longerRead MoreLorraine Hansberrys Raisin In The Sun1883 Words   |  8 PagesOver 5 decades ago Lorraine Hansberry wrote a play, Raisin in the Sun, about a family living in Chicago  during the Civil Rights Era.   The play illustrates a realistic portrait of African-American life during the late 50’s early 60’s.   The family comes into some money as a result of the Patriarch of the family passing away.   This insurance check presents an opportunity for each member of the family to realize their dreams in order to escape the ghetto.   However, each family member/character dealsRead MoreEssay Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun2551 Words   |  11 PagesRaisin in the Sun In the story â€Å"Raisin in the Sun† there is basically a group of characters all in one family living in a small apartment with everyday their love dying a little more. The family is black and through the whole play it shows how segregation was played in the 1950s. Ruth Younger is a wife of Walter Younger and a Mother of Travis Younger who is living in a small living assortment and just wants to get away and move on to something bigger and something more independent. Now with herRead MoreThe American Nightmare: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun1011 Words   |  5 PagesIn Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun†, she uses the African American Younger family as a representation of the entire race’s struggle for the American Dream. America has always had slogans such as â€Å"the land of the free† and â€Å"liberty and justice for all†. The Younger family is finding out, like generations before them, the American Dream i sn’t at all what it seems if you’re black. The family eagerly awaits the insurance check from the death of their father, while living a life of constant

Egypt is a republic in northeastern area of Africa it was...

Egypt is a republic in northeastern area of Africa; it was known as the United Arab Republic until 1971. Egypt is an ancient civilization that grew from 2600 to 30 BC. Egypts economic range includes involvement with mainly tourism, construction and manufacturing. Currently, Egypt’s economy is not doing well. Because of the revolution in 2011, the Egyptian economy has gone from bad to worse. The country’s unemployment is still increasing which is causing the budget deficit. Job creation is virtually impossible, and the Egyptian pound has lost majority of its value. To make problems worse, the general lack of security in the country has increased. All of these issues have a negative effect on the country. For example, the soaring†¦show more content†¦Moreover, the unemployment also increases because of the revolution due to many employees going on strike and not working. From February 11, 2011 to February 11, 2013, the unemployment rate has increase by 1.4% (Cent ral Bank of Egypt.) At this rate the country’s unemployment will just keep decreasing if something is not done. Currently, Egypt’s economic has been taking a number of harmful tolls from many different factors. For example, underground dollar trade and political instability has been reported to effect Egypt’s economic in a negative way. The underground dollar trade causes a negative effect because According to Middle East Online website, â€Å"money is sought on Cairos black market and currency traders at banks say they havent been able to meet their clients demand through official channels.† This makes it difficult for people to get the proper loan they may need to get a home or car. The black markets are worsening the economy. This has been a problem in the past when Egypt was struck with a thriving black market during economic insecurity in 2003. Black markets are affecting the banks of Egypt. Banks are forced to trade dollars in fixed ranges around th e central banks sale cut-off prices for interbank, commercial and retail transactions, giving rights sizable encouragement over authorized exchange charges. Although Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak stepped down, Egypt’sShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Kingdom of Nubia: Modern Day Sudan939 Words   |  4 PagesSudan, in ancient times was the kingdom of Nubia. Nubia was Egyptian, ruled around 2600 B.C. Sudan has had quite a diverse and interesting past shaping the country to what we now call Sudan. From the civil, war of the National Islamic Front and the People’s Liberation Army to the discovery of oil. Southern and Northern Sudan is rich in history, culture, and population diversity. I picked Sudan to learn more about my friends, and to put meaning to what they went through as United State refugees. We willRead MoreGenocide : The Worst Crimes Against Humanity And It Still Continues Today2115 Words   |  9 Pageshistorical roots, stereotypes and prejudices can cultiv ate over centuries. One of the top genocides of the 20th century was the genocide in Cambodia says an article entitled â€Å"Cambodian Genocide.† The Cambodian genocide was an attempt to make all of the peasant farms to be controlled by â€Å"Pol Pot† or the Khmer Rouge party leader. In three short years over 25% of the population was taken out due to this devastation. Cambodia is less than half of the size of California and they gained their independenceRead MoreCoca Cola Company Analysis7501 Words   |  31 PagesCoca-Cola Company is an American multinational beverage corporation and manufacturer, retailer and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups. The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in Columbus, Georgia. The Coca-Cola formula and brand was bought in 1889 by Asa Candler who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892. Besides its namesake Coca-Cola beverage, Coca-Cola currently offers more than 500 brands in overRead MoreA Summary On The Children Cheetah 10031 Words   |  41 Pages(Schreber, 1775) Subspecies A. j. jubatus A. j. raineyii A. j. soemmeringii A. j. hecki A. j. venaticus Cheetah range - 2.png The range of the cheetah The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a large feline (family Felidae, subfamily Felinae) inhabiting most of Africa and parts of Iran. It is the only extant member of the genus Acinonyx. The cheetah can run faster than any other land animal— as fast as 110 to 120 km/h (68 to 75 mph)[3][4][5][6][7][8] in short bursts covering distances up to 500 m (1,600 ft), andRead MoreCoco Cola18335 Words   |  74 Pages* 3.2  Marketing * 3.3  Channel stuffing settlement * 3.4  Bribery accusations * 3.5  H2NO * 3.6  Tax issues * 3.6.1  Vietnam * 3.7  Nazi Germany and World War II * 3.8  Investments and operations in apartheid South Africa * 3.9  The Bigio family case * 4  Employee issues * 4.1  Racial discrimination * 4.2  Bottling plant murders * 4.2.1  Guatemala * 4.2.2  Colombia * 4.2.3  SINALTRAINAL lawsuit * 4.3  Shareholder resolution attemptRead MoreOne Significant Change T hat Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesAssociation. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the Long Twentieth Century †¢ Jose C. Moya and Adam McKeown 9 †¢ 2 Twentieth-Century Urbanization: In Search of an Urban ParadigmRead MoreCobit Framework21120 Words   |  85 PagesAMERICAN SAMOA ARGENTINA ARMENIA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA BAHAMAS BAHRAIN BANGLADESH BARBADOS BELGIUM BERMUDA BOLIVIA BOTSWANA BRAZIL BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS CANADA CAYMAN ISLANDS CHILE CHINA COLOMBIA COSTA RICA CROATIA CURACAO CYPRUS CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ECUADOR EGYPT EL SALVADOR ESTONIA FAEROE ISLANDS FIJI FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY GHANA GREECE GUAM GUATEMALA HONDURAS HONG KONG HUNGARY ICELAND INDIA INDONESIA IRAN IRELAND ISRAEL ITALY IVORY COAST JAMAICA JAPAN JORDAN KAZAKHSTAN KENYA KOREA KUWAIT Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesother sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical

Linking Status And Eligibility For Welfare - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Linking Status And Eligibility For Welfare? Answer: Introduction The Australian Governments No Jab No Pay policy that applies at the national level is associated with full vaccination of children with the use of vaccines that have been listed on the National Immunization Program or NIP[1]. According to the policy, parents will be eligible to receive Family tax benefit Part A end of year supplement, child care rebate and child care benefit if their children who are below 20 years of age have been assessed to be fully immunized. No parent can object to the vaccinations and are mandatory for all in order to obtain the benefits[2]. The aim of such a policy was to reinforce the importance associated with the benefits of immunizations. Moreover, it was also associated with increasing and promoting public health, particularly the health of the children[3]. These benefits will be provided to only the citizens of Australia or those who hold a permanent visa, temporary visas or special category related visas. Moreover, the benefits will also be applicable for offshore humanitarians holding a permanent visa[4]. The immunization status of the children is determined by the assessment of the Australian Childhood Immunization Register or ACIR, which is connected with the Medicare services of the country[5]. This law was necessary due to the cases of child deaths below the age of 5 years resulting from various vaccine pr eventable diseases. Some of the vaccine preventable disease affecting the Australian children, thereby resulting in their deaths are influenza, invasive meningococcal infection, Pertusis, Pneumococcal septicaemia, meningititis and pneumonia[6]. Some regions of the Australian subcontinent like Woonona located in New South Wales and Broome located in Western Australia showed immunization rates of 99.5 and 99.2%, respectively. However, other regions like the central business district of Sydney and Burnwood located in New South Wales showed immunization rates of only 70.5 and 72.8%, respectively. These immunization rates were observed in the year 2015-2016[7]. Thus, the research question is whether No Jab No Pay policy follows the rules of informed consent and the associated challenges. The question stems from the fact that although this policy has increased the rate of immunization in the Australian sub-continent but still there are issues regarding the migrant or refugee populations and also the fact that it violates the right of informed consent[8]. Thus, this report provides a literature review and also provides a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the No Jab No Pay policy in order to come to a conclusion and also to address the research question. Literature Review This section consists of the review of the literatures dealing with immunization and the No Jab No Pay policy[9]. The most important problem associated with this legislation is the challenges associated with informed consent. Informed consent is associated with legal and ethical requirements involving human participants. Informed consent is associated with a statement of the procedure, duration, description of any risks associated with the procedure, description of benefits associated, information of remuneration or compensation if required and voluntary participation, which can even result in withdrawal from the practice without any subsequent penalties on the participants[10]. Some of the challenges of informed consent is associated with the presence of language barriers. Misunderstandings can result from inadequate or incorrect language translations. Individuals give consent without being fully aware of the procedure, which can result in severe consequences and even results in wit hdrawal. Other challenges of informed consent involve religious influences, false expectations, patient perceptions, research involving children, vulnerable groups of people, among others. Religious beliefs also play an important role in deciding whether to participate in the trial or not. Many times the methodology associated with the procedure results in conflicts due to the rules set by religion. False expectations arise due to previous historical evidences that have shown the inefficiencies of a particular program, which in turn results in patient refusal. Patient perceptions with respect to side effects or the occurrence of adverse events prevents patients from participating in research trials or vaccination programs. With respect to involvement of children, permissions are required to be obtained from parents or guardians. Vulnerable groups and people involve individuals who are unable to protect their interests and in turn results in difficulties in obtaining informed consent . These could include individuals like those with learning disabilities or individuals like refugees or migrants[11]. One of the most important vaccine preventable diseases that have been found to affect the Australian children is measles. Surveillance data from the Public Health Event Surveillance System revealed that within 2005-2014, 237 cases of measles had been reported in the state of Victoria. Among the affected children mostly were found to be unvaccinated. Records revealed that there was no details related to immunization or vaccination histories of the students. Due to the lack of immunization, the Australian Government with the aim to promote vaccination, provided incentive payments to the providers of immunization in order to identify and immunize the children who were overdue for vaccinations. Moreover, the No Jab No Pay policy brought about by the Australian Government will not provide any federal government assistance benefits or payments to the parents, whose children are unvaccinated or under vaccinated[12]. With the help of this policy the vaccination rates had increased in Austral ia. This policy accepts exemptions from vaccination only on medical grounds but not on religious or conscientious grounds[13]. During the 1990s, the Australian vaccination rates were very low and very few of the children had nationally recommended immunization coverage. During that time the federal government had issued a welfare incentive program. This welfare incentive program was refurbished in the year 2015 and was replaced by a new law, which was termed as the No Jab No Pay policy. The Australian families were eligible to receive federal benefits of up to 15,000 dollars per child per year depending on the status of immunization of the family members. Such benefits will not be applicable for those individuals, who do not participate in immunization programs or those whose children of age groups 1, 2 and 5 years old are not vaccinated by the recommended vaccines. The Australian Government had indicated a savings of 380 million dollars as a result of the implementation of the new law. Most of the savings were due to benefits which were not paid and it was estimated that 10,000 families would lose eligibili ty for obtaining payments. The Government revealed that with such a policy, 5738 unvaccinated children received vaccinations and 187,695 children who were under vaccinated had caught up with the vaccination schedules. Although favorable outcomes has resulted from the implementation of the policy but still immunization coverage has been found to be disproportionately low among welfare dependant families[14]. However, another study revealed that such policy based on the alliance of the state and the pharmaceutical companies are in direct violation to the principle of informed consent. The mandatory regime around the legislation thereby undermines the freedom of speech and also carries out implementations that silences the voice of criticism. With the No Jab No Pay policy, there is no question of consent that needs to be obtained from individuals as it is mandatory for all, which would otherwise result in exemption from much needed benefits, which are also their fundamental rights. According to the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (UDBHR) (2005) which states, any preventative, diagnostic and therapeutic medical intervention is only to be carried out with the prior, free and informed consent of the person concerned, based on adequate information[15]. Proper education is the right of every children but with the No Jab No Pay policy, children will be prevented from a ttaining their basic rights if complete vaccination is not done. Moreover, with the lack of informed consent, mandatory vaccination can have ne4gative effects with respect to the health of the individuals, which in turn can have life long consequences or vaccine related deaths. Moreover, questions also arise of the efficacy of these pharmaceutical companies to determine the quality of the vaccines. Thus, rather than scrutinizing whether this policy will really benefit the individuals, such health policies have become highly politicized, where only profits and savings are being calculated rather than giving importance to the individual consent to obtain vaccination[16][17]. The No Jab No Pay policy requires the parents to enable their children of up to 19 years of age to participate in the immunization programs and other catch up programs[18]. According to this policy, the Government revealed that 508.3 million dollars will be saved in the next 5 years[19]. However, research studies have revealed that poor socio-economic status may be associated with non-vaccination or under vaccination of the children in Australia. National health performance data revealed that children who are below 5 years of age and belonging to rich suburbs located in the regions of Sydney and Melbourne and other affluent suburbs were fully vaccinated and were up date with their vaccination schedules[20]. Thus, it indicated that the immunization coverage was lower in the regions where the individuals lived in poor socio-economic conditions[21]. This in turn exposed the inherent inequity present in the newly established No Jab No Pay policy. This inequality is further contributed by the fact that financial penalty would be incurred by those who live at the lower end of the society that is the low socio-economic strata. Such individuals are in need of these financial benefits assistance and payments. Thus, apart from the challenges the policy brings with respect to informed consent, it also has other challenges like social inequity. A study was carried out in order to determine the childhood immunization coverage in Victoria by age and vaccine cohort[22]. The ACIR was analyzed and data was obtained of the immunization coverage in Victoria. Results obtained in the study revealed that in the age cohort of 12- less than 15 months, immunization coverage was found to be lowest in the area with the lowest socio-economic quintile score with respect to all vaccines. When rankings were carried out with respect to financial status using the IER score, immunization coverage was again found to be lowest in the previous socio-economic status quintiles in the case of both the 24- less than 27 month and 60 less than 63 month cohorts. Therefore, it indicated that financial constraints acted as a barrier to achieve high and far reaching degrees in immunization coverage. Moreover, it was also found that the proportion of the children in the lowest socio economic quintile who remained partially vaccinated were 20-50% higher than those children who were living in most advantaged areas. Additionally, it was also found that costs of care prevented 16% of Australians to undergo medical tests or visit a doctor. Various financial barriers to immunization coverage were determined, which were found to be transportation costs, lack of time from work and consultation costs. These financial barriers were found to be associated with the difficulty to access the healthcare services. Moreover, the study indicates that with the implementation of the No Jab No Pay policy, further hardships and financial burdens will be applied to the already disadvantaged population. The study also indicates the need to develop strategies that would help to address these financial barriers faced by the disadvantaged society belonging to the lower strata of the socio-economic ladder[23]. However, contradictory to the above findings it has been reported that many children with recorded objections in vaccinations or who have received either no vaccination or one vaccination belonged to the higher socio-economic strata with respect to economic resources as compared to the children living in poor socio-economic conditions. According to this study, wealthy individuals registers objections against immunizations more frequently than their financially disadvantaged counterparts[24]. These educated individuals unlike their poor counterparts belonging to the other end of the socio-economic strata question the efficacy of the vaccines with regards to safety and efficacy. This results in vaccination hesitancy. Thus, the No Jab No Pay policy ensures that such objections are not applicable. This is because the No Jab No Pay policy ensures tracking of the vaccine objections in Australia. However, without the use of informed consent, the No Jab No Pay policy raises questions with re gards to balancing of parental autonomy and medical paternalism with respect to healthcare provision for children[25]. Thus, the study questions the inequity issue due to the implementation of the policy. This is because individuals belonging to higher socio-economic status are not subjected to any forms of penalty for not carrying out complete immunization of their children or not vaccinating them at all. This is because they either do not claim for such child benefit schemes or even if they are exempted for not carrying out proper immunization of their children, they will not face any financial hardships. Moreover, the No Jab No Pay policy also affects the migrant families of Australia. Although the migrant families either have very low or no rates of objection from immunizations but they face various other barriers to immunization. One of the barriers were poor recording or absolutely no recording of the overseas or catch up vaccinations in the ACIR. This resulted in unfair exemp tion of the migrant families from payment benefits[26]. Such inequities faced by the migrant families needs to be addressed by the Government, particularly the policy makers and even the politicians in order to evaluate the success of the No Jab No Pay policy. Thus, the study revealed that access issues and financial problems are some of the barriers that prevent vaccine uptakes. However, the study also revealed lower vaccine uptakes on the other side of the socio economic strata that is the educated and skilled individuals. Thus, the study warrants investigation on the impact of socio economic status on the vaccine uptake of individuals and also urges the need of immunization policies that would maximize the rates of immunization among individuals belonging to both the higher and lower strata of the socio-economic ladder. Moreover, it also addresses the need to develop tools that would monitor the trends in vaccine objections and in turn will help to develop effective and timely in terventions[27]. The legislation prevents objections that are based on either conscience or religion. But medical objections can be acceptable only on the grounds that such medical objections be verified by general practitioners. Vaccination exemptions can be administered on grounds of contradictions like anaphylaxis or immunosuppression. However, general practitioners verify such exemptions. But the most pressing problem is associated with migrant or refugee children. The migrant or refugee families face difficulties in gaining eligibility for obtaining Centrelink payments due to lack of updated records about their vaccinations or immunizations in the ACIR. Due to the lack of such updated records they lose their chances of getting the benefits even if they have fully immunized their children. Moreover, increased pressure on the vaccination providers with respect to clarifying the vaccination histories of the refugee families, updating the ACIRs and providing catch up vaccinations for the migrant families. Thus, such increase in pressure results in the vaccination providers being unprepared with inadequate resources in order to meet the growing demands of the refugee or migrant population of Australia. Moreover, due to the mobility of the refugee families the refugee children obtain their vaccinations from different regions and also from different healthcare sectors[28]. Thus, such preparation of time consuming reports prevents the submission and eventual registration of the data in the ACIR. Moreover, some of the healthcare providers believe that calculating the missed vaccination schedules for the migrant children is very difficult as compared to the indigenous children. Further another concern with the new legislation is that the refugee children do not need hepatitis i mmunizations due to their natural immunity resulting from infection or unrecorded overseas vaccination. According to previous Australian data, migrants or refugees from East Africa or the children belonging to the Karen refugees have immunity to or are infected by Hepatitis B infections[29]. Thus, such children do not need Hepatitis B vaccinations and are provided with other catch up vaccines. But the problem is that such children are not regarded as completely immunized in the ACIR. As a result they require medical exemptions verified by general practitioners but the problem they face is that they have changed their general practitioners as a result of their mobility, which results in proper recording of their vaccination histories, thereby resulting in reluctance on the part of the practitioners to exempt them from the vaccinations[30]. Thus, keeping in mind the above discussed facts, the new legislation has given rise to various challenges with respect to informed consent. Firstly, informed consent ensures that participants can refuse any medical treatment or vaccination without being subjected to any form of penalty. However, this legislation imposes penalties in the form of exemption from benefits like tax payments and child care benefits. Moreover, in order to obtain informed consent, individuals are not forced to participate in medication trials or programs, however, this legislation forces individuals to participate in the vaccination programs. Moreover, informed consent also allows individuals to refuse treatment based on religious preferences. However, this legislation also prevents refusals based on religion. Parents have the fundamental right of taking decisions on behalf of their children and if children are above 7 years old, then their consent is also required. However, the No Jab No Pay legislation not only prevents the parents from executing their rights of taking decisions on whether their children are going to get vaccinated or not but it also does not obtain consent from the children. Refusal results in not only exemption from tax benefits but also exemption from child care benefits, which acts as a barrier for children to obtain their primary education[31]. The legislation also is a challenge with respect to the migrant and the refugee families of Australia as well as those belonging to the lower rung of the socio-economic ladder. Not only they are incapable of understanding the facts associated with the vaccination program but also cannot access such programs. As a result, obtaining informed consent from them is challenging, which results in their exemption from various benefits[32][33]. Moreover, obtaining informed consent from educated people is also challenging because of the fact they have information about previous histories associated with adverse events due to vaccin ations and also because they have perceptions that prevent them to participate in such programs[34]. Discussion Thus, it can be said that the legislation although provides benefits and increases the immunization coverage but still there are various loopholes in the legislation, which needs to be addressed. These arguments about the loopholes of the legislation have been proven by various evidences. According to Dr. Margie Danchin of the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, the No Jab No Pay policy was introduced with little thought for the complexities of minority groups such as migrants, who were almost always pro-vaccination[35]. According to Dr. Danchin although such migrant families want to remain up to date with their vaccinations but lack of access to healthcare providers act as barriers. Moreover, she also reveals the difficulties in maintaining an accurate Australian Immunization Register or AIR, which prevents the migrants to receive Centrelink payments. Moreover, according to Jane Gunn, who is a professor of general practice at the University of Melbourne the general practitioners a nd nurses play a key role in updating the immunization data in the AIR but due to the time consuming process, such records are not completely updated. According to her this highlights the problem of duplication in our health care system and the need for more integrated medical records and information-sharing. Moreover, the legislation also adds to the bureaucratic burden as the migrant children who have natural immunity require referrals for exemptions from practitioners. According to Louis Newman, who is a professor of Psychiatry at the Royal Womens Hospital and the University of Melbourne, special provisions are required within the legislation in order to address the delay in payments and support to the migrant families who are in immediate need of such financial services[36]. Moreover, the Government aims to save millions of dollars at the expense of the health of innocent migrant children by preventing them from getting benefits and access to education. Additionally, the parents who object to the vaccination reforms face a welfare damage of 15,000 dollars, the biosecurity controls force individuals to get vaccinated, presence of vaccine vigilantes who vaccinate without parental consent, among other[37]. Additionally, Section 3.5 of the Australian Code of Conduct states that consent is a persons voluntary decision about medical care that is made with knowledge and understanding of the benefits and risks involved[38]. Thus, the legislation also conf licts with this code of conduct as it threatens individuals to carry out mandatory immunizations otherwise bear the risk of losing benefits with respect to finances and child care. Moreover, the children also lose their fundamental right of obtaining education. Section 10, subsection C, protects the rights of the patients to give full and free consent for a particular medical treatment. But the legislation will limit the right of the individuals to give full consent without being forced or blackmailed[39]. The legislation, excludes valid contradictions like family histories with respect to adverse reactions of vaccines, convulsions, eczema, asthma, atopy, neurological conditions and also natural immunity. The doctors are told to ignore these contradictions while giving vaccinations. In such context, the role of obtaining informed or valid consent comes into play[40]. Moreover, according to the Australian Immunization Handbook, valid consent is defined as the voluntary agreement of a patient or an individual to a particular procedure only after obtaining reliable information with respect to risks and benefits associated with it[41]. Consent is therefore needed before vaccination after determining the any potential risks of medical conditions associated with it. Moreover, the right to vaccinate children lies fundamentally with the parent and the Government or the doctors have no right to implement such harsh rules that can have severe consequences in the future with respect to vaccine re actions that can be debilitating along with the burden of finances due to lack of Government compensations[42]. Thus, specific reforms are necessary in the legislation that would carry out vaccination based on valid consent and should not take away the legal rights of the citizens to obtain the benefits that would ensure a bright future for their children with respect to health and education. Moreover, the legislation should also be reformed keeping in mind the benefits of the migrants and those belonging to the lower socio-economic strata. Conclusion This report provides an analysis of the No Jab No Pay reforms or legislation that has been implemented in Australia. According to this legislation, individuals will get tax and child care benefits only if their children below the age of 20 years are up to date with their vaccination schedules. Although this legislation has resulted in increased vaccination rates and coverage but it does not provide benefits to those who do not carry out complete i9immunization of their children. Moreover, due to the various loopholes of the legislation, the individuals belonging to the lower socio-economic strata and the migrant or refugee children are also unfairly affected. Due to the lack of their vaccination records, they are deprived from the benefits of which they are in urgent need. Moreover, it also violates the legal rights of the citizens with regards to valid consent for administration of services. Thus, the country wants to make a large amount of savings at the cost of the fundamental rig hts of the citizens, especially the financially deprived and migrant populations. Thus, various reforms to the legislation are necessary in order to maintain the fundamental rights of the citizens. Thus, it can be concluded that the No Jab No Pay legislation although beneficial to some but overall its beneficence is not universally distributed to all, thereby giving rise to hardships in the form of exemption from benefits and basic rights of children to obtain proper education. Reference List ABC News, "Federal Government Pushes to Ban Unvaccinated Children From Childcare Centres", 2017 https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-12/government-pushes-to-ban-unvaccinated-children-from-childcare/834704 Australian Medical Association,Govt Banks on Massive Savings From No Jab No Pay Policy(2018) Australian Medical Association https://ama.com.au/ausmed/govt-banks-massive-savings-no-jab-no-pay-policy Barbaro, Bianca and Julia M.L. Brotherton, "Assessing HPV Vaccine Coverage In Australia By Geography And Socioeconomic Status: Are We Protecting Those Most At Risk?" (2014) 38(5)Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health Beard, Frank H et al, "Trends And Patterns In Vaccination Objection, Australia, 20022013" (2016) 204(7)The Medical Journal of Australia Block, K. et al, "Addressing Ethical And Methodological Challenges In Research With Refugee-Background Young People: Reflections From The Field" (2012) 26(1)Journal of Refugee Studies Fielding, James E., Bruce Bolam and Margie H. Danchin, "Immunisation Coverage And Socioeconomic Status - Questioning Inequity In The No Jab, No Pay Policy" (2017) 41(5)Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health Gibney, Katherine B. et al, "Challenges In Managing A School-Based Measles Outbreak In Melbourne, Australia, 2014" (2016) 41(1)Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health Greenwood, Victoria J et al, "Immunisation Coverage In Children With Cerebral Palsy Compared With The General Population" (2013) 49(2)Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Immunise.health.gov.au,Immunise - National Immunisation Program Schedule (From November 2016)(2018) Immunise.health.gov.au https://www.immunise.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/national-immunisation-program-schedule Lakew, Yihunie, Alemayhu Bekele and Sibhatu Biadgilign, "Factors Influencing Full Immunization Coverage Among 1223 Months Of Age Children In Ethiopia: Evidence From The National Demographic And Health Survey In 2011" (2015) 15(1)BMC Public Health Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Mahimbo, Abela, Holly Seale and Anita E. Heywood, "Immunisation For Refugees In Australia: A Policy Review And Analysis Across All States And Territories" (2017) 41(6)Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health Melbourne Medical School,No Jab, No Pay Disadvantages Migrant Children : Melbourne Medical School(2018) Melbourne Medical School https://medicine.unimelb.edu.au/school-structure/paediatrics/news-and-events/no-jab,-no-pay-disadvantages-migrant-children Musmade, PrashantB et al, "Informed Consent: Issues And Challenges" (2013) 4(3)Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology Research Para-legal.org.au,No Jab, No Pay/Play Challenge. Australian Paralegal Foundation(2018) Para-legal.org.au https://para-legal.org.au/no-jab-no-payplay-challenge/ Parliament.vic.gov.au,Cite A Website - Cite This For Me(2018) Parliament.vic.gov.au https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/stories/committees/sarc/Alert_Digests/submissions/public_health_wellbeing_no_jab_no_play/01_Australian_Vaccination-skeptics_Network_Inc.pdf Paxton, Georgia A et al, "No Jab, No Pay No Planning For Migrant Children" (2016) 205(7)The Medical Journal of Australia Paxton, Georgia A. et al, "Post-Arrival Health Screening In Karen Refugees In Australia" (2012) 7(5)PLoS ONE Portal.unesco.org,Universal Declaration on Bioethics And Human Rights: UNESCO(2018) Portal.unesco.org https://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=31058URL_DO=DO_TOPICURL_SECTION=201.html Rawlinson, Paddy, "Immunity And Impunity: Corruption In The State-Pharma Nexus" (2017) 6(4)International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy Refugeehealthnetwork.org.au,Cite A Website - Cite This For Me(2018) Refugeehealthnetwork.org.au https://refugeehealthnetwork.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Report_2016_September_Victorian-Refugee-Health-Network_Immunisation-Needs-Analysis_FINAL-for-website-1.pdf Sahealth.sa.gov.au,Cite A Website - Cite This For Me(2018) Sahealth.sa.gov.au https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/ec0d23004282f52a8cadccc1a92b467d/STTP+September+2017+final++.pdf?MOD=AJPERESCACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-ec0d23004282f52a8cadccc1a92b467d-lVlIQ-S Schofield, Deborah J, Rupendra N Shrestha and Emily J Callander, "Access To General Practitioner Services Amongst Underserved Australians: A Microsimulation Study" (2012) 10(1)Human Resources for Health Social Services Legislation Amendment (No Jab, No Pay) Bill 20152015 The Australian Immunisation Handbook(National Health Medical Research Council, 10th ed, 2015) The Conversation, "No Jab, No Pay Disadvantages Migrant Children", 2016 https://theconversation.com/no-jab-no-pay-disadvantages-migrant-children-66387 The New York Times, "No Jab, No Play: How Australia Is Handling The Vaccination Debate", 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/24/world/australia/vaccination-no-jab-play-pay.html Vector.amsa.org.au,Anti-Vaccination: Separating Fact From Fiction(2018) Vector https://vector.amsa.org.au/2017/06/07/228/ Yang and Studdert, Linking Status and Eligibility for Welfare and Benefits Payments: The Australian No Jab No Pay Legislation (2017) 317(8) JAMA, 8

Reaction on Hacienda Luisita free essay sample

It also shows us the difference between theories or principles from that of the complex of a real competitive world. On the job training is the initial application of the things we have learned from school and another purpose serves as an assessment for ourselves of how much we know about our profession and how much we still need to learn. It serves as an opportunity for us to improve and reinvent ourselves growing better for the challenges of the future. On the job training or OJT is one method by which students is given a chance to apply the theories and computations that they have learned from the school.It also helps the students to acquire relevant knowledge and skills by performing in actual work setting. Colleges and universities require their students to  undergo such  training within  a  specific  number  of  hours  as  part  of  the curriculum. For the students, an OJT or internship program provides opportunities to go  through  the  actual  methodologies  of  a  specific  job  using  the  real  tools, equipmenTs and documents. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction on Hacienda Luisita or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In effect, the workplace becomes a development venue for a student trainee to learn more about his chosen field and practice what he has learn from school.On the  other hand, an effective OJT program also benefits the companies who accept trainees. First OJT or intern provides additional manpower for a lesser labor cost than a regular employee. Most of them are all eager to learn the ropes so chances are high that they will cooperate. Employers can use this internship strategy as a method in recruiting new employees. Since the trainer or the supervisor can follow the trainees’ progress, he can gauge based on performance, behavior and attitude if the trainee will make a good recruit after the completion of his internship. OJT’s can bring fresh ideas  into the organization. Given the opportunity to speak  their  minds  freely  and  without  fear,  they  maybe  able  to  contribute significantly in brainstorming sessions or research and eventually help improve the organizations productivity. While training the interns, employers are in fact also teaching their employees to process of guiding the trainees stretches their  patience, develops teaching skills and makes them more sensitive to the needs and mind set of the younger generation.The course of supervision also teaches them how to share what they know and be receptive to questions. Hence, the internship  also  becomes  an  avenue  in  training  for future  managers  of the company. Accommodating on-the-job trainees can truly be beneficial not only to the trainees but also to the companies that provide opportunities for this type of  learning. There is wisdom in the front lines. Such training can be an investment that will be valuable to the company later on.This is also why trainee’s should take their internship seriously as it can become a powerful tool and possibly even source of recommendation when they take that big lift from being students to career professionals. The most effective method to develop the competence and skills of students is through hand-on training. This process exposes the students to the different fields. Moreover, it allows the students to become familiar and made known to the actual operation of the business and the state of art of the facilities, equipment and technology used.Morale, productivity, and professionalism will normally be high in those individuals that employ a sound OJT program. As per required by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), students of College of Hospitality Industry Management (HIM) undergo on the job training with a required time. Perhaps, this would be a stepping stone for the trainees to develop themselves to become professionals in their own field of specialization and acquire new learning through experience during trainings. It is very essential component o0f the learning process, geared toward preparing students future careers.However, trainees along the way encountered uncertainties and problems that would one way or another will affect the on the job performance. At present, OJT in the locality is becoming a great challenge. It is true that the benchmark for excellence in the hospitality industry is changing in which Tuguegarao City hotels, restaurants and many other customer service related establishments are not capable of coping up with its result to lack of exposure for students and the widening gap between the standards in principles taught to them in school and the real scenario in our locality.

US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities

US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities Introduction Disability is a condition that may arise naturally or during a persons lifetime. Different forms of disability exist, that is, physical or mental. A person with disability experience difficulties, often reflected when trying to interact with others or when performing certain tasks. Therefore, to support their well-being, and involve them in the decision making process, rules that respect their rights and freedom is important[1]. They will allow them access equal opportunities like other normal persons in the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The UN has recognized the importance of the disabled person’s rights and freedoms and has come up with the UN convention on the Rights of People with disabilities, CRPD and has urged member states to ratify it. This is a significant step which w ill help a disabled person lead a positive life. The CRPD has provisions which promote, prevent and protect the right of the disabled against violations. Many countries have ratified the CRPD since its inauguration, however, the US being a champion in advocating for the rights of the disabled persons around the world has not yet ratified the convention. It is on this note that the writer outlines compelling reasons why the US needs to ratify CRPD convention. Discussion US Troops and People Working abroad The US is involved in countless wars around the world in present times. The government is sending more and more troops in foreign countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan to protect and restore peace.[2] I salute this noble undertaking by the government. However, in their line of duty, we have seen many being maimed and facing other life changing injuries. I therefore urge the US to ratify the CRPD because the convention will help improve the welfare of the disabled troops returning f rom combats and other US citizens living and working abroad. This will reflect the US values of hope, opportunities and fairness around the world. Promoting Dignity and Inclusion In his own words, John McCain shows that the CRPD is clear in promoting the dignity, inclusion and independence of disabled people while defending their rights regardless of their origin[3]. I recommend the US to approve this convention because I view that every person has the basic rights which should be promoted, protected and stressed by the state. Right to Life Under the natural law, every person has an equal right to life. This right need to be protected and enhanced to allow a person’s participate effectively in the society. The CRPD promotes this fundamental right by supporting the rights of the marginalized, the country’s servicemen and women, and strengthening the dignity of all disabled persons. I therefore believe the US should ratify the CRPD to allow the disabled persons fulfill t heir basic right to live under the natural law.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Complement the Americans Disabilities Act I urge the US to ratify the CRPD because it will complement the Americans Disabilities Act[4]. For a long time, the US has been relying on the Americans with Disabilities Act to champion for the rights and welfare of the disabled in the society. I believe by ratifying the CRPD, the US government will be complementing the Americans with disabilities Act by supporting equal access to opportunities and participation of all people with disabilities. US role in the World The US is vocal in championing for the rights of the disabled around the world. Its advocacy has not only been expressed in words, but, action as well. The US ideals are that the fundamental human rights should be upheld by all nations in the world. As a leader, I believe the US should lead b y example by ratifying this convention. This is because the convention will protect persons with disabilities and provide opportunities equal to others. Similarly, it will be a significant step in ensuring that all disabled persons are protected globally. Stigmatization The disabled persons are facing various challenges such as stigmatization. They are being denied their social, cultural, economic, political and civil rights.[5] I strongly believe that the CRPD will ensure the disabled person’s participation in education, politics and public life, employment and health is guaranteed. This is because the convention has an elaborate legal mechanism of preventing discrimination faced by these persons. A Warning to the World Various countries around the world have not taken bold steps in protecting the rights of the disabled.[6] Thus, they have strove to promote the practice of exclusion against them. I urge the US to ratify this convention because it will send a stern warning to countries where such practices persists[7]. Besides, it will inspire many states to ratify the convention thereby protecting the disabled persons worldwide. Not enforceable by US Courts Most US citizens fear the the US courts will enforce the CRPD or cause a change in the US laws. This is not the case, the Americans with Disabilities Act has already addressed this concern by granting disabled persons all the rights and freedom identified in the convention. Thus, the treaty will not require any changes in the US laws, besides, the convention will not require any cost in ratifying it. I therefore plead with US government to ratify this convention. Better Health Care Most disabled persons across the country face challenges when accessing health health care services. The fact that they have less financial resources make the matter even worse. Therefore, they are compelled to live with their frailty state.[8] The CRPD make it clear to the governments that they should ensure all persons with disability conditions access affordable health care whenever possible. I urge the US government to speed up and ratify this convention. The convention will make it easier for the disabled persons to access affordable health care and eventually improve their health.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Address Major Concerns The US is experiencing disability concerns in sectors such as education, health care and housing. These concerns have been addressed in the convention. By ratifying the convention, the US will not encounter any concerns involving the disabled persons on aforementioned concerns. I therefore urge the US to counter these concerns by ratifying the CRPD. Appreciate Culture Diversity By being a multicultural country, the people with disabilities in the US comprises of different races, ethnicity , sexual orientation and age.[9] All these groups contribute to the cultural uniqueness of the US. Thus, I urge the US to ratify the CRPD because it will contribute to preserving the uniqueness of the country, besides, it will promote their rights. Conclusion The CRPD is a significant regulation that US should ratify. The convention will provide unlimited rights and freedoms to the disabled persons. Though the US has made significant strides in guaranteeing rights and freedom to disabled persons through Acts such as the American with Disabilities Act, most Americans remain poor, under-educated and under-employed. Lack of accessibility and equality among the disabled persons has been cited as the cause of these concerns. Thus, the US government should move with speed to ratify the CRPD. The convention will allow the disabled persons equal access to opportunities, guaranteed of their rights and get involved in the growth of the US. Similarly, by ratifying the treaty, the US will be fo stering the culture of inclusion, independence and fairness of opportunities among the disabled people. Bibliography Equality and Human Rights Commission. â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Creating a Fairer Britain. Web. McCain John. â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. Web. The White House. â€Å"Remarks By The President On Signing Of U.N. Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities Proclamation.† The White House. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More UN. â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Preamble. Web. Footnotes John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. UN, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Preamble. The White House, â€Å"Remarks By The President On Signing Of U.N. Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities Proclamation,† The White House. UN, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Preamble. Equality and Human Rights Commission, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabi lities.† Creating a Fairer Britain. Equality and Human Rights Commission, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Creating a Fairer Britain.

Various Acts of the American Revolution essays

Various Acts of the American Revolution essays Despite the Seven Years' War, Britain still engaged full supremacy over the American colonies. However, they now saw the colonies as fodder to feed the raging debts of the country. The crown's desire for money for the debts was viewed by Britain as reasonable, while it fueled the fire known as a revolution that was stirring up in the hearts of the colonists. This would create a new sense of American political identity and would eventually lead to the American Revolution. Eventually, Britain would soon come to regret marking the spirited colonists as inferior. There were ideas that would spark the flame of revolution much before the word revolution was even spoken of. Republicanism, an idea where the citizens gave up their private needs to the common good, became quite a popular idea, as well as the idea of a strong, central, government. The ideas were just harmless thoughts at the time; it was the actions of the British government that would turn them into dangerous philosophies. Mercantilism was by far one of the greatest sparks of the American Revolution. The British wanted to dominate the flux of imports and exports to and from the colonies, making it clear that they felt they wanted to control the economy of the colonies. To the British, the Americans were just tenants residing on their own land, meant for purposes to boost the British economy. To enhance the mercantile system, the Parliament passed the Navigation Laws, which said all commerce flowing to and from the colonies could be transported only in British vessels. Future laws said that any European products headed for the colonies had to pass through Britain and its tariffs, which effectively gave the British middlemen a good amount of the profits. At first, the Navigation Laws were loosely enforced, but in 1763, the British Prime Minister ordered them to be strictly enforced. Other laws passed by Parliament that enraged the colonists included the Sugar Act, which was t...

The Main Contemporary Issues in Catholic Schools Essay

The Main Contemporary Issues in Catholic Schools - Essay Example Birth Control and Contraception Everybody around the world has had of the teaching that lay emphasis on birth control and the use of contraceptives. The teachings in catholic schools are different as people are expected to shun the use of birth controls. The move against contraception did not start recently as in 1968, the catholic community was warned against contraception through the letter of Pope Paul IV titled Humanae Vitae, which is the Latin expression of Human life. The letter implied that the Christians should follow the teachings of the church that constantly denounce contraceptives as it is intrinsically wrong since it is a tool which prevents a new human life from coming to existence. The letter clearly terms contraception to be "Any action which, either in anticipation of the conjugal act [sexual intercourse], or in its accomplishment, or in the development of its natural consequences, proposes, whether as an end or as a means, to render procreation impossible" (Humanae Vitae 14) (D'Orsa, 2008). When it talks of contraception, nothing is left out, as all the methods are included. They include condoms and other barrier methods, sterilization, spermicides, pills and coitus interruptus which is referred to as withdrawal method. In other cases, the Protestants conjured with the Catholics in the fight against contraceptives. However, they changed their belief after 1930 Lambeth Conference where they indicated that at some point the use of contraceptives was necessary. This was after the social pressure, which was growing amongst its members and the public, swayed them. It was not long before they decided to consent to the use of contraceptive in form of birth control all over... This report approves that this approach has usually been implemented with the intention of having results at the end of the studies. This is because there are certain students who have a catholic background and is interested in being at the school while there are those that are just interested in being in the school. This approach is used during the selection of students joining the school, as the administration will look at the students who would be productive to the catholic school. This essay makes a conclusion that the concept perpetrated by the catholic curriculum shows that it is an importance it has in the community as it is sometimes used in referring to the truth the people arte expected to adhere to. However, this is an ideology, which is propagated to individual communities so that they would interpret it in their own way then practices it as they prefer. This is an application which is rendered to different people with regard to their ages and culture. It is for this reason that some of the practices initiated by Catholics are sometimes given room for negotiation so that it would suit individuals. This is the phrase used in contextualization of rules expected to be followed but some aspects are ignored. In layman’s language, this is the term used when making sense of truth in accordance to the changing times, cultural evolvement and changing of messages to suit the people. This means that in this modern time, the curriculum has been changed to s uit that the people in this era. This is something that is not new to the catholic community, as it has always been done in order to favor the individuals at that particular moment.